You just dont hear the phrase alternative fuels as much as you did, say, 10 years ago. Nov 07, 2012 actually alternative fuels do not necessarily fix air pollution. Also known as nonconventional fuels highly oxidized, sulphur free, environmental friendly any materials or substances that can be used as fuels, other than conventional fuels example. Well, as it turns out, there are lots of alternatives. Alternative fuels are derived from sources other than petroleum. Providing a renewable fuel choice hydrogen fuel cell vehicles natural gas basics propane basics all documents are taken from the website of the. Natural gas is a domestically abundant gaseous fuel that can have significant fuel cost advantages over gasoline and diesel fuel.
Jan 01, 2005 111 alternative fuels and their application to combustion engin es fig. But right now, when it comes to transportation fuel, there are only three that currently have the potential to be valid alternatives. Merewether abstract fuel cells are important future sources of electrical power and could contribute to a reduction in the amount of petro leum imported by the united states. Transportation by cars and trucks radically changed the face of our country over the last hundred years, with petroleum providing the fuel for our vehicles. Nonrenewable energy sources are diminishing everyday, and it. Texas hb 432 further requires that by september 2010, 50% of the university fleet must be of the alternative fuel variety. Alternative fuels for automobiles worcester polytechnic institute.
Unprecedented motorization in china has led to significant increases in oil demand and oil imports. Alternative fuels research clean automotive technology. Many alternative fuels are more often seen in medium and heavyduty commercial vehicles. Still, its one of the more promising alternative fuel ideas out there and it doesnt even smell like dirty diapers. Alternative sour ces of energy an introduction to fuel cells by e. With a couple of million plugin electric cars now on the worlds roads, the idea of swapping in one. Most are produced domestically, reducing our dependence on imported oil, and some are derived from renewable sources. Ethanol or ethyl alcohol is an alternative fuel for cars that made up from sugarcane or corn. An alternative fuel vehicle is a motor vehicle that runs on a fuel other than traditional petroleum fuels petrol or diesel fuel. Hancocks executive order 123 continues to direct the city fleet to advance alternative fuels today with a strong focus now on electric vehicles. Top 10 alternative fuels on the road right now howstuffworks. Of all the alternative fuels used in automobiles, hydrogen burns the cleanest. Although natural gas is a fossil fuel it is, as mentioned before, the one fossil fuel that is actually quite clean.
Additionally, many times the process of creating the alternative fuel creates many emissions itself. Tr anspor tation, petroleum use, and alter natives guest lecture. This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and nonpetroleumbased fuel technology as. Alternative fuels used in transportation for the teacher. The pros and cons of alternative fuel cars carsdirect. Therefore, they are used for many of the same things traditional fuels are, that is, for powering vehicles, making electricity, cooking and conducting everyday life in the modern world. Government and privatesector vehicle fleets are the primary users for most of these fuels and vehicles, but individual consumers are increasingly interested. Alternative fuels is a name given to a specific group of fuel sources in 1992 by the united states department of energy. Alternative fuel price report alternative fuels data center. Other figures in terms of number of vehicles produced include 17. Oct 02, 2018 ethanol or ethyl alcohol is an alternative fuel for cars that made up from sugarcane or corn.
This book explores four alternatives to gasolinepowered cars solarpowered. Pseries fuels can be used alone or mixed with gasoline in any ratio by simply adding it to the tank. Ngvs are bifuel vehicles with multifuel engines capable of running on two fuels. However, this practice is far from sustainable, even though liquid hydrocarbon fuels continue to be the most desirable energy source for longdistance transportation. From electric cars and propane vehicles to natural gaspowered buses and trucks that run on biodiesel, todays options for alternative fuel vehicles are vast.
List of best 9 alternative fuels for cars that could. Alternative fuels like solar, wind, geothermal and hydroelectric utilities are growing fast. Doego1020011142 august 2001 advanced technology and. Alternatives to traditional transportation fuels 2009 april 2011 u. Biodiesel pdf 3 pp, 112 k, february 2010, epa420f9, about pdf. Model year 2018 alternative fuel and advanced technology. Alternative fuels for automobiles interactive qualifying project report completed in partial fulfillment. And many of them are on the road or in dealerships right now.
Alternative fuel sources are critical to humanitys future that much should be clear to everyone by now. Drivers and fleets are increasingly turning to lightduty, alternative fuel, and advanced technology vehicle models that reduce petroleum use, costs, and emissions. This book explores four alternatives to gasolinepowered carssolarpowered. These alternative fuels include such things as propane, natural gas, electric hybrids, hydrogen fuel cells, and biodiesel.
Amongst the most prominent alternative fuels to be used in mixturesblends with fossil fuels in internal combustion ic engines are biodiesel, bioethanol, and biomethanol. Every chapter includes bulleted and numbered lists to summarize concepts or the steps in a procedure, while the design for main and subheadings makes it easier to grasp the scope of the chapter. Check out our alternative fuels data center for information, maps, and tools related to all types of advanced vehicles. Environmental damage fossil fuel emissions from vehicles damage the environment and contribute to air pollution. On the basis of october 20 data, there are approximately 34 million flexible fuel vehicles and the sale of hybrid electric vehicles numbered more than 9 million september 2014 data. Hydrogen is a potentially emissions free alternative fuel that can be produced from domestic resources for use in fuel cell vehicles. Our line of filters, ball valves, bleed valves, hoses, and receptacles are uniquely designed to take care of oscillating pressure and temperature. To be considered alternative fueled, a vehicle must use alternative fuels at least 80% of the time. Some are already being used in vehicles currently on the road, while others are just emerging. Alternative fuels are meant to be alternative collections of chemicals or other sources of energy.
The alternative fuels program is working hard to promote the use of alternative fuels and alternative fuel vehicles in new york city but its main challenge is to develop refueling sites for alternative fuels. Because of a combination of factors, such as environmental concerns, high oil prices and the potential for. List of best 9 alternative fuels for cars that could replace. Department of energys home for alternative fuels, including relevant state and federal policies, technical details, research. The alternative fuels data center afdc hosts an online database afdc. Alternative fuels for automobiles interactive qualifying project report completed in partial fulfillment of the bachelor of science degree at worcester polytechnic institute, worcester, ma submitted to. Alcohol fuel, vegetable oil,biodiesel,natural gas 4. Ethanol is produced domestically from corn and other crops. Alternative fuel vehicle refers to a vehicle that runs on a fuel other than traditional gasoline or diesel. In response to growing oil imports, the chinese government is adopting a broad range of policies, including improvements in the fuel economy of new vehicles and the promotion of alternative fuel vehicles. For over a century, the transportation industry has depended primarily on petroleum, a highenergy, density liquid hydrocarbon fuel, for its standard fuel source.
These alternative fuels can be used in dozens in fact, hundreds of ways to promote energy independence without depleting fossil fuel resources. Cng emits less nitrogen oxide nox and particulate matter pm than gasoline. Alternative fuels, known as nonconventional and advanced fuels, are any materials or substances that can be used as fuels, other than conventional fuels like. The use of energy is a factor in all our lives, and that is why it is important for us teachers to have our students learn about the energy we use now and the new forms of energy that are becoming available. The use of gasoline for transportation is the most commonly used fuel. Alternative fuel and hybrid vehicle market by alternative fuel type gaseous fuels lpg, cng, and lng, electric, biofuel, biodiesel, fuel cell, liquid nitrogen, and dimethyl ether, vehicle type electric two wheeler, passenger cars battery electric vehicle bev, hybrid electric vehicle hev, alternative fuel, commercial vehicle global opportunity analysis and industry forecast, 2014. Included is comprehensive, wellorganized, and uptodate coverage of the latest technologies, models, alternative fuels, and all aspects of engine performance. Pseries fuels are clear, highoctane alternative fuels that can be used in flexible fuel vehicles. Alternative fuels and excise taxes increased efficiency and alternative fuel use is straining gas tax revenues several states have decal programs for various alt fuels some states provide discounted rates for alt fuels as an incentive if taxes are charged on a per gallon basis, defining energy content is needed to ensure parity. Administration, the average vehicle car or light truck on the road today emits more than 600 pounds of air pollution each. Were all concerned about climate change, and thats sparked some creative thinking about alternatives to fossil fuels.
At least, not yet one recent study says algae fuels are at least a decade away from marketability source. We need to start looking for other ways to power our vehicles. In response to growing oil imports, the chinese government is adopting a broad range of policies, including improvements in the fuel economy of new vehicles and the. Alternative fuels renewable fuel standard program us epa. Alternative fuel and hybrid vehicle market statistics and.
Methanol could become an important alternative fuel in. This guide provides a comprehensive list of the 2015 lightduty models that use alternative fuels or advanced fuelsaving technologies. Pdf assessment of different alternative fuels for internal. The 2010 chevy volt acts like an electric car within a 40 mile range but acts like a series hybrid after this. Mar 18, 2019 pseries fuels are a blend of ethanol, natural gas liquids and methyltetrahydrofuran methf, a cosolvent derived from biomass. The federal highway administration fhwa recently announced the designation of the nations first alternative fuel corridors for electric, hydrogen, natural gas, and propane vehicles. Algae 10 alternative fuel ideas that never made it. With memories of that summer still fresh in our minds and new gas price hikes looming, its natural to wonder what alternatives there may be to gasolinepowered vehicles. The alternative fuels data center afdc provides information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation decision makers find ways to reach their energy and economic goals through the use of alternative and renewable fuels, advanced vehicles, and other fuelsaving measures. And using various technologies available today, it is also possible to. Nuclear power developed a stigma following the fukushima and chernobyl disasters, but the energy source has come a long way in safety, technology and output. Alternative fuels news about fuel cells, hydrogen, propane.
Halderman, hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles, 4th edition. This includes the powertrain as well as the vehicle configuration. Others are converted to run on an alternative fuel by modifying the engine controls and fueling system from the original configuration. However, this practice is far from sustainable, even though liquid hydrocarbon fuels continue to be the most desirable energy source for longdistance. Diesel, biodiesel, and ethanol are the most widely used alternative fuels. Alternative fuels and advanced vehicle technologies for. Demonstrate everything service technicians need to know about modern hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles in a single text.
Alternative fuels for vehicles contents biodiesel basics hybrid and plugin electric vehicles flexible fuel vehicles. Most of us drive or ride in vehicles that are powered by petroleumbased fossil fuels gasoline or diesel. Methanol, also known as wood alcohol, can be used as an alternative fuel in flexible fuel vehicles that are designed to run on m85, a blend of 85 percent methanol and 15 percent gasoline, but automakers are no longer manufacturing methanolpowered vehicles. Study on the fuel system interaction with alternative fuels. When electric cars first appeared, they looked like a way for the world to escape dependence on fossil fuels and move to an environmentally friendly method to power our transportation. China promotes both fuel efficiency and alternativefuel. Alternative sources of energy an introduction to fuel cells.
New business models for alternative fuel and alternative oecd. Alternative fuels and infrastructure in seven noneu markets final. The exhaust from a hydrogenfueled car is totally environmentfriendly. Gasoline gallon equivalency of ethanol is approximately 1. Pseries fuels are a blend of ethanol, natural gas liquids and methyltetrahydrofuran methf, a cosolvent derived from biomass. However, application in lightduty conventional vehicles is growing. The information source for alternative fuels and advanced vehicles.
Some people, however, are choosing to drive vehicles that run on smaller amounts of fuel. However, there are multiple alternative fuels that are making their ways to the market. According to scientists, the earth only has about 120 years worth of oil left. Informational nonfiction, 1,866 words, level v grade 4, lexile 990l. With this perspective, considerable attention has been given to biodiesel and petroleum diesel fuel blends in compression ignition ci engines. Transitions to alternative vehicles and fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and ghg emissions by 80 percent across the u. The wealth of hydrogen on earth makes this element an ideal candidate for fuel use. With relatively high energy density, ethanol fuel is a successful replacement for fossil fuels. Jan 24, 2015 alternative fuels for automobiles are currently a topic of growing interest and importance. The use of alternative fuels can potentially lower emissions of criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases, and reduce americas dependence on imported oil.
Our committed alternative fuels division is ready to assist you in this new and growing marketplace. Types of alternative fuels include biodiesel, electricity, methanol and ethanol, hydrogen, natural gas, propane and new fuels still under development, called emerging fuels. Pdf alternative fuels and their application to combustion. There are numerous alternative fuel technologies including. Dan sperling november, 2012 fall quarter 2012 energy and environmental aspects of transportation civil and environmental engineering eci 163 environmental science and policy esp 163. Hydrogen cars also give the driver excellent mileage compared to regular gasoline cars. The primary fuels now used in automobiles, namely gasoline and diesel, are essentially derived from crude oil petroleum. Algae 10 alternative fuel ideas that never made it out. Pdf the development of alternative fuels such as cng, biodiesel. Both policies and incentives that support alternative fuel vehicle. Providing a renewable fuel choice hydrogen fuel cell vehicles natural gas basics propane basics all documents are taken from the website of the alternative fuels and advanced vehicles data center of. Alternative fuels and advanced vehicle technologies is a standard reference for professionals, engineers, and researchers in the automotive sector, as well as vehicle manufacturers, fuel system developers, and academics with an interest in this field. The main alternative fuel choice in new york city, at present, is compressed natural gas cng. While some alternatives will take some time to make it.
All of the fuels on the approved alternative fuels list are acceptable. Make reading, studying, and content mastery easier. Fuels combustion characteristics are mainly classified by their auto ignition quality which is measured. Oct 30, 2000 the primary fuels now used in automobiles, namely gasoline and diesel, are essentially derived from crude oil petroleum. Some vehicles and engines are designed for alternative fuels by the manufacturer. Halderman, hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles, 4th. Pdf alternative fuels and their application to combustion engines. Alternative fuels and advanced vehicles more than a dozen alternative fuels are in production or under development for use in alternative fuel vehicles and advanced technology vehicles. Alternative fuels for over a century, the transportation industry has depended primarily on petroleum, a highenergy, density liquid hydrocarbon fuel, for its standard fuel source. Its pros begin with the fact it comes from water and is therefore a renewable fuel with inexhaustible supplies and benefits in fuel cost. Alternative fuel cars still emit chemicals, they are just different from greenhouse gases. Alternative fuels research epa researches and evaluates the feasibility of running vehicles on nonpetroleum fuels, such as alcohol fuels. They are electrochemi cal devices similar to a battery and consist of a container, an.
Because methanol is a liquid fuel, it does not require major changes in the distribution system or in car engines, but no major auto manufacturers offer m85. Dedicated vehicles are designed to operate exclusively on one alternative fuel. Hydrogen provides power to cars by either directly combusting in the engine or converting to electricity within a fuel cell. Increasing the use of alternative fuels and vehicles will help. Current estimates show that automobiles and trucks account for about 45% of the anthropogenic vocs volatile organic compounds, 50% of the nox oxides of nitrogen figures 121, 122. Often, they produce less pollution than gasoline or diesel.